111 LAB
LAB#1
EQUIPMENT
Computers
Motion detectors
NOTES AND COMMENTS
1) Detectors attach to Port #2.
111 lab#1
111 LAB
LAB#2
EQUIPMENT
Computers
Motion detectors
Friction carts
Long tracks
NOTES AND COMMENTS
1) Detectors attach to Port #2.
2) Use carts with magnet ends and reflectors if practicable.
3) Check that cart wheels turn freely.
4) Clean tracks if necessary.
5) Magnets on track ends should face out (away from cart).
111 lab#2
111 LAB
LAB #3
EQUIPMENT
Only one each of the following ten items is required for the entire lab setup.
Water pump
Water
Water drop apparatus
Variac
Strobelight
Ice
Bucket
Large pan
Blow dryer
Paper
The following five items should be supplied in sufficient quantity to equip each lab station.
Cloth hoops
Rulers (good ones with mm scale)
Compasses
Cardboard punch pads
Triangles
NOTES AND COMMENTS
1) Two strobes are available, but only one blow-dryer and one ice chest is currently available. These
must be shared by 111 lab and 161 lab. (The water drop lab runs concurrently in 111 and 161.)
2) Set strobe to 60Hz and turn on drop apparatus. Adjust apparatus to get distinct drop pattern.
This may require the use of ice water, adjustment of water supply reservoir height, and Variac
voltage adjustment. It's more an art than a science.
3) Strobes must never be stored in lab; they must be stored in the stockroom!
4) Ice is obtained on the 4th floor of the Biology department. There is a large cooler in the hall near
the corridor that connects to the Chemistry department. You may help yourself to this ice for lab
purposes (you need not get permission).
5) The large pans are set on the floor to catch the water drops. The ice chest should also be set in
one of these pans when not in use to catch any leakage.
6) Set paper at front by water drop apparatus. A week's supply is needed!
111 lab#3
111 LAB
LAB #4
EQUIPMENT
Computer
Force Probe
Wood block with hook
Masses
Steel Ball
Track (short, but long is O.K.)
Hoop (incompletely closed)
Ruler
1 N weight
Sanded board
NOTES AND COMMENTS
1) Attach force probe to Port 1.
2) Each station needs 400g of masses. Slotted masses work fine. Use three 100's and two 50's at
each station.
3) Unless motion probes are attached to Port 2 students should go to 'collect' and then turn on
'Force only data'.
111 lab#4
111 LAB
LAB #5
EQUIPMENT
Non-friction carts
Triple beam balance
Black cart masses (2 per station)
Force probe
1N calibrating weights
Track (short or long)
Track-end pulley
Tape
Motion detectors
String with looped ends
Masses
1) Set up carts with plunger towards pulley to minimize impact. Inform students to leave carts set
up this way.
2) One roll of tape is sufficient. Masking tape will probably leave less residue on the carts.
3) Hooked masses are preferable for use as hanging masses. Set one 50g and one 100g mass at each
station if available.
4) Motion detectors attach to Port 2. Force probes attach to Port 1.
5) String length is not arbitrary! Strings must be of a length such that the hanging mass will pull the
cart throughout the distance that the mass falls.
111 lab#5
111 LAB
LAB #6
EQUIPMENT
Swings (see below)
String length shorteners
Photogates
Slotted masses
5N Spring scales
Meter sticks
NOTES AND COMMENTS
1) Swings consist of holders for slotted masses to which are attached long strings at each end.
These strings have hooks attached to their ends so that they may be hung from the overhead
fluorescent light fixtures. Swings must be hung at a height such that the 'flags', which are
attached to the bottom of the mass holders, pass through the photogates.
2) String length shorteners are pictured in the lab manual, and must be assembled using the slotted
plastic plates attached to meter sticks, which are then mounted on lab stands.
3) Each station should be supplied with 300g of slotted masses (two 100's and two 50's).
4) Spring scales should be calibrated when setting up lab. Do this by laying scale flat (since this is
close to the orientation in which they will be used in the lab) and, while holding the hook assembly
stationary, manually moving the needle to read 0N.
5) Motion detectors are not required in this lab.
6) Adjust swings so that 'flags' properly pass through photogate.
7) Photogates attach to gray plugs that go to 'Power' and to 'Digital In 1'. Photogates will not
work if attached to 'Digital In 2'! 'Power' must go to power...can't be switched with 'Digital In
1'! Try computer for correct operation if in doubt.
111 lab#6
111 LAB
LAB #7
EQUIPMENT
Long tracks
Friction carts
1N calibrating weights
Wood blocks (1 per station)
Meter sticks
Force probes
Motion detectors
NOTES AND COMMENTS
1) ULI force probes are preferable but Vernier force probes are acceptable. These attach to the DIN 1 port. Motion detectors attach to
Port 2.
111 lab#7
111 LAB
LAB #8
EQUIPMENT
Air tracks
Long air carts with bumpers (2 per station)
Blowers (air supplies)
Photogates (2 per station)
Slotted masses
Triple beam balances
Spare rubber bands
NOTES AND COMMENTS
1) Each station should have 300g of masses; two 100's and two 50's.
2) Set blower on floor under table to help reduce noise.
3) Check rubber bands on all bumpers to insure that they are not broken or about to break.
4) Each station should have one cart with a pin bumper and one cart with a clay filled bumper to
receive the pin bumper.
5) Check that the photogates are at the proper height with respect to the air carts.
6) YOU MUST CHECK EACH STATION TO SEE THAT THE COMPUTERS TAKE
DATA PROPERLY! Go to the 'DOCUMENTS' folder after booting up the computer and click
on the 'timer for two carts' folder. Make sure that each station takes data from BOTH
photogates. DISCONNECT ALL MOTION DETECTORS! THE COMPUTERS MAY
NOT WORK PROPERLY IF THE MOTION DETECTORS ARE ATTACHED!
7) Cart bumpers must be setup as follows. FOLLOW THESE INSTRUCTIONS EXACTLY!
At each station:
A) One cart must have a pin bumper and a spade bumper. The timing flag must be at the same
end as the spade bumper.
B) The other cart must have a clay bumper on one end and a rubber band bumper on the other
end. The timing flag must be at the same end as the clay bumper.
111 lab#8
111 LAB
LAB #9
EQUIPMENT
Fishing rod apparatus
Centripetal force apparatus
Hoop
Ball
Stopwatch
Mass holder with assorted slotted masses
Triple beam balance
Ruler
NOTES AND COMMENTS
1) Centripetal force apparatus must include string with clip to attach to bob.
2) Check all stopwatches for proper operation.
3) Use hooked (hanging) mass holder.
4) Each station should have (2) 200g, (2) 100g, (2) 50g, (2) 20g, (2) 10g, and (2) 5g masses. Set
these on a standing mass holder.
111 lab#9
111 LAB
LAB #10
EQUIPMENT
Suspended rod setup
Hanging beam setup
Spring scale setup
Hanging mass setup
NOTES AND COMMENTS
A total of eight setups must be supplied: two of each type distributed throughout the lab.
Since this is a complicated lab setup each of the above four setups will be described
separately.
Suspended rod setup:
A vertical rod is clamped to the table. A large diameter, 1 meter long rod is used as the
suspended rod. These suspended rods have a depression ground in one of their ends. This end
rests against the vertical rod. These rods also have red paint on them, and have their center of
mass marked. A clamping ring is slid over the vertical rod; this ring supports one end of the
suspended rod. A lab clamp is placed at the projecting end of the suspended rod, and a wire is
looped around this clamp. The other end of the wire attaches to a spring scale, which then
attaches to another lab clamp on the vertical rod.
Use a 20N spring scale and check its calibration. Be sure that the entire apparatus is set up such
that the suspended rod is horizontal. A meter stick must be supplied with this setup.
Hanging beam setup:
Two vertical rods are clamped to the table, slightly more than 1m apart. Two small diameter,
short rods are clamped horizontally to the vertical rods near their tops. A meter stick clamp is slid
onto the stick. Two more such clamps, with strings attached, are slid onto the meter stick. These
clamps are placed on the stick so that the stick can be hung from the short rods by loops in the
ends of the strings. The other clamp is placed on the stick 'pointed' down, so that a hooked mass
may be hung from it. Hang a 200g hooked mass from this clamp.
The height of the horizontal rods should be adjusted so that the stick hangs horizontally. Finally,
take two 5N spring scales and, after calibrating them, insert them between the horizontal rods and
the string loops. Make sure that the stick is still horizontal.
Spring scale setup:
Two vertical rods are clamped to the table. A pulley is clamped to each vertical rod near its top.
Each pulley should be at about the same height. A string with loops in its ends is threaded over
each pulley. Masses are hooked into these loops (try 200g masses). The string must also have
two intermediate loops tied into it. A 5N spring scale attaches to one of these loops. The other
loop must be positioned such that the scale may be hooked into it and all of the tension in the
string is exerted on the spring scale.
Hanging mass setup:
Two vertical rods are clamped to the table. A pulley is clamped to each vertical rod near its top.
Another pulley that has a hook attached to it is slid over a long string with loops in each end. The
string is threaded over each of the stationary pulleys. A 100g mass is then hung from each end of
the string, and another 100g mass is hung from the movable pulley. A meter stick should be
supplied with this setup.
NOTE: the lab manual contains drawings of all of these setups.
111 lab#10; image #1
111 lab#10; image #2
111 lab#10; image #3
111 lab#10; image #4
111 LAB
LAB #11
EQUIPMENT
Meter sticks
Large gold springs
Motion detector with guard
Masses (slotted)
Mass holder
Force probe
1N calibrating weight
Stand
NOTES AND COMMENTS
1) Use the 75g mass holders that have 4 rods placed around their perimeters.
2) I suggest each station have (1) 200g, (1) 50g and (1) 100g slotted mass. There must be a 200g
mass combination available.
3) The stand consists of a vertical rod clamped to the table. The stand should extend at least 1m
above the table.
4) The stand should have a short horizontal rod clamped to it to which the spring may be attached,
and also an adjustable clamp which the force probe may be clamped into.
5) Mount stands near computer so spring hangs over table. Use force
probe clamp with long extension to avoid bad signals.
6) Force probes attach to Port 1; motion detectors to Port 2.
111 lab#11
111 LAB
LAB #12
EQUIPMENT
Function generator (Pasco) with banana plug wires
Meter sticks
Wave driver (Pasco)
String (looped at both ends)
Cardboard 'bridges'
Large pullies with clamps
Masses (hooked)
PVC pipes
2-meter sticks with stoppers (to fit in PVC pipes)
Vertical water tube resonance set-up
Tuning fork
Rubber mallets
NOTES AND COMMENTS
1) Check that function generators are set for sine wave output.
2) Only 3 setups of tubes with plungers are available. This should be sufficient.
3) Tuning forks of 341Hz-550Hz seem to work best. (This recommendation is subject to change.)
4) Pulley clamps to table end. String runs over pulley and mass is hung from end of string.
5) Wave drivers clamp to ring stand which clamps to table.
6) A round ring, with a hook, also clamps to ring stand. The string is looped over this hook, as a
fixed end.
7) Distance from wave driver to pulley should be 1.5m-2.0m.
8) The following masses should be set out at each station: (1) 500g, (1) 200g and (1) 100g.
111 lab#12
111 LAB
LAB #13
EQUIPMENT
Computer
Microphone
PVC pipes
Tuning forks
Rubber mallets
NOTES AND COMMENTS
1) Microphones attach to DIN 1 plug.
2) Two different tuning forks should be supplied to each station. A 128Hz and 500Hz are
suggested.
111 lab#13
